Ongoing Research

Research Updates - (January - April 2019)

Professor Mohammad Hashim Kamali completed writing his book, ‘Lawful and Unlawful in Shariah and the Halal Industry’ and awaiting reviews/comments from OUP. He co-authored with Mohamed Azam Mohamed Adil and Nur Ilham Ramli, “Domestic Violence as a Ground for Dissolution of Marriage”, PIP no: 7; and PIP No: 8 with Tengku Ahmad Hazri, Nur Ilham Ramli and Wan Naim Wan Mansor, “Challenges Facing the Shariah Judiciary in Malaysia”. He also completed a chapter on “Between Separation and Unity: The Interplay of Law and Morality in Islamic Jurisprudence,” (10,284 words) to a book on Sharia in the 21 Century, to be published by World Scientific Publishing Europe Ltd.He published in New Straits Times: “Tayyib & Fitrah: Food and Salvation,” 11 January 2019. Professor Kamali gave opening remarks at Seminar, “The Role of Religion in the Quest for Peaceful Coexistence,” 5 January. He presented a paper on “Writing Academic Papers: Common Mistakes and Reminders”, at Research Camp for Academic and Policy Research on 21 February. He was a discussant at two Roundtable Discussions – the first, with the delegation of Postgraduate Centre of Institute Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Metro Lampung Indonesia on 12 March and the other on Abolishing Death Penalty on 19 March. All the events were held at IAIS Malaysia.

Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mohamed Azam Mohamed Adil has published Domestic Violence as A Ground for Dissolution of Marriage (with Mohammad Hashim Kamali & Nur Ilham Ramli), PIP No. 7, 2019; Pandangan Syariah bagi Hukman Mati, Muka Sepuluh, Berita Harian, 5 Januari 2019; and An Essential Addition to The Federal Constitution, NST, 4 April 2019. Panelist, French Talk: Is There a Malaysian Way of Thinking Islam?, Organised by Alliance Française de Kuala Lumpur and The French Embassy, Kuala Lumpur, 14 January 2019; Speaker, Harmonisasi Undang-undang Islam-Sivil di Malaysia, Terengganu Integrity & Strategic Studies Institute(T-ISSI), 22 January 2019; Speaker, RTD on Pengislaman Kanak-kanak dan Penentuan Umur Baligh Kanak-kanak Bagi Tujuan Pengislaman, Pemelukan Islam Kanak-Kanak Menurut Undang-undang: Implikasi Pasca Kes Indira Ghandi, MAIS, 20 Februari 2019; and Speaker, KLIFF 2019 Muzakarah Penasihat Shariah Kewangan Islam 2019 Kali Ke – 13, Sukuk Hijau: Peluang dan Cabaran, 11 April 2019. He moderated programmes organised by IAIS from January – April 2019. He was live interviewed in the programme “Sila Duduk Jangan Lari”, Topic: Hukuman Bunuh: Mansuh Atau Tidak, TV Al-Hijrah, 29 January 2019.

Alexander Wain recently published an article in the New Straits Times, entitled ‘Legacy of Southeast Asia’s Muslim Women Rulers,’ which will be republished as a viewpoint in ICR 10:1. Forthcoming publications include a chapter covering Southeast Asia in the Oxford Handbook of Islamic Archaeology (Oxford University Press) and a translation of the Hikayat Raja Pasai’s conversion narrative with an accompanying commentary in A Sourcebook for Pre-Modern Conversion to Islam (University of California Press). Alexander’s ongoing research projects include an Occasional Paper critiquing Syed Muhammad Naquib al-Attas’s general theory of Islamisation. He is also preparing a monograph on the conversion of the Nusantara to Islam, to be published with a major academic publisher.

Mohammad Mahbubi Ali recently published an article in the New Straits Times (17 April 2019), entitled ‘A child trust lifeline with corporate Zakat’ and a short piece in the IAIS Bulletin (Jan-Feb 2019 issue), called ‘Dealing with Shariah non-compliant transaction in Islamic contracts’. His co-authored article, ‘Shariah governance in the face of value-based intermediation: Islamic banking to thrive beyond Halal’ was presented at the International Halal Conference on 23-24 April 2019 in Osaka Japan. He also conducted a one-day seminar on ‘Tawarruq and Beyond Tawarruq’, organised by RedMoney on 20 February 2019 at the InterContinental Hotel, Kuala Lumpur. Mahbubi’s ongoing research projects include the Islamic finance masterplan for the Republic of Kazakhstan, Occasional Paper on tawarruq, ICR viewpoint on Tabung Haji and the IAIS Policy Issues Paper on maqashid Shariah in muamalat and contracts.

Ahmad Badri bin Abdullah finalised an occasional paper (OPS) with other members of science unit entitled “Artificial Intelligence and the Ethical Issues in Human Society: An Islamic Perspective” and a Policy Issue Paper (PIP) entitled: “The Many Challenges Facing The Halal Vaccine Industry”. His article entitled Vaccination: Addressing Ethical Remedies and Trust Deficit appeared in the News Straits Times on 20 February, 2019. He also finalizing some other projects such as PIPs entitled: “Malay Traditional and Contemporary Customs From The Shari’ah Perspectives” and “Inculcating Islamic Ethical Values in Developing National AI Framework” with Dr. Shahino Mah Abdullah. He is also compiling and editing a book which is a conference proceeding entitled: “ Maqasid al-Shari’ah in Governance and Public Policies”.

Adha Shaleh has participated in several events at IAIS and beyond, including Research Camp for Academic and Policy Research; Roundtable Discussion on Abolishing Death Penalty; Forum on Uyghur’s Plight: Countering Extremism or Religious Discrimination; Doing Well While Doing Good as a Social Entrepreneur (INCEIF). He co presented a model on youth financial and entrepreneurial leadership at the Central Bank Malaysia. He has co authored a policy paper with Prof Mohammad Hashim Kamali, entitled ‘Disruptive Trends in Education: Islamic and Contemporary Perspectives. He is currently exploring the following topics on An Education Social Enterprise (ICR), Experiential Learning: A Gateway for Community Development (a focus monograph for an academic press in Singapore).

Apnizan Abdullah has published a chapter in book entitled, “The Application of Hibah in Islamic Finance Sphere: Issues & Proposals for Regulatory Reform”, featured in an edited book by Assoc Prof Dr Mohamed Azam Mohamed Adil and Prof Dr Mohammad Hashim Kamali Islamic Law in Malaysia : Issues, Developments and Challenges”. Her short article, “Malaysia A Global Leader in Islamic Banking” was published in NewStraits Times on. 7 February 2019. Among her completed research projects are “Sadaqah as a social finance instruments in Malaysia: Selected Proposed Models”, “Sadaqah as a social finance instruments in for Child Protection Agenda in Malaysia: Selected Proposed Models”, “Why Halal matters in Malaysia should be centralised under the federal jurisdiction: An Appraisal” and “Value-Based Intermediation (VBI): A maqasidi approach within Islamic banking and finance framework”.

Tengku Ahmad Hazri completed an introductory article to a volume on ‘Islam and Democracy’ and a viewpoint, ‘The Evolution of Democracy in Islamic Thought’ (IAIS Bulletin, Jan-Feb 2019), in addition to a published co-authored policy paper, Challenges Facing the Shariah Judiciary in Malaysia (IAIS Malaysia Policy Issue Papers, No. 8, February 2019). His articles have also appeared in CLJ Bulletin, ‘The Evolution of National Identity in Malaysia’ Issue #6/2019, [2019] 1 LNS(A) xix, and ‘The Basic Structure Doctrine and Malaysia’s Judicial Turf Wars’ Issue #12/2019 [2019] LNS(A) xxxviii. Currently, his research focuses on ‘The Nation-State in Contemporary Islamic Thought’, as part of his wider research on Islam and constitutionalism.

Shahino Mah Abdullah contributed article and viewpoints for ICR (published on 24^th January 2019), namely, “Revisiting Traditional, Modern, and Islamic Values in Addressing Haze Issues” and “Intelligent Robot and the Legal Rights: An Islamic Perspective”, respectively. He also contributed articles for IAIS Bulletin in the previous and current issues entitled, “Social limit in a human-robot relationship” and “Intelligent adaptive learning as complementary to enhance the education system”, respectively. His article has also published in the newspaper, namely “Sungai nadi kehidupan bukan untuk dicemari” (Berita Harian, 21^st March 2019). As one of the Science, Technology, Environment and Ethic unit members, he was involved in the preparation of river care module in both English and Malay versions for the Global Environment Centre. His collaboration work with the University of Malaya in the field of green technology entitled, “Highly sensitive capacitive cell based on a novel CuTsPc-TiO2 nanocomposite electrolytic solution for low-temperature sensing applications”, was published online in the ‘Sensors and Actuators A: Physical’ (Elsevier) in February. His internal collaboration work on Islam and Artificial Intelligent has been submitted for IAIS Occasional Paper Series and currently, under review.

Wan Naim Wan Mansor published an article entitled “Majority Rule Minority Rights” for the NST on January 25. His Policy Issue Paper (PIP) on the Challenges Facing the Shariah Judiciary was also recently published, a result of collaboration with three other IAIS researchers. He had published two event reports for the IAIS Bulletin on the Institute’s Tenth Anniversary Seminar (November 2018) and the International Seminar on the Role of Religion in the Quest for Peaceful Coexistence (January 2019). He was also part of collaborative team that prepared a report to the Minister of Religious Affairs, on the RTD regarding Abolishing the Death Penalty. He was rapporteur for three events, the RTD on Abolishing Death Penalty, forum on the Uyghur crisis, and forum regarding Shaykh Bin Bayyah’s thought. He also completed an article on Wasatiyyah in collaboration with another researcher from UKM, to be sent to an academic publisher.

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Page 7 of 8

Sadly, not a day passes that we do not hear of acts of violence, conflict, kidnapping, terrorist attacks, killings and destruction, it is horrible that at times, to justify such barbarism, the name of a religion or the name of God himself is invoked. – Pope Francis addressed the representatives of different religions at Vatican City, November 2016

The sage is self-effacing and scanty of words. When the task is accomplished and things have been completed, all the people say, "We ourselves have achieved it!" – Chinese Text, Tao Te Jing

Food is the chief of all medicines. – Indian Text, Upanishads

One on tip-toe cannot stand. One who parades his own success will not endure. – Chinese Text, Tao Te Jing

It is the fate of every truth to be the object of ridicule when it is first acclaimed. It was once considered foolish to suppose that black men were really human beings and ought to be treated as such. – Albert Schweitzer

I asked the tree to speak to me about God, and it blossomed. – Rabindranath Tagore

There is a variety of gifts, but it is always the same Spirit. There are all sorts of services to be done, but always to the same Lord, working in all sorts of different ways in different people. It is the same God working in all of them. – Paul in 1 Corinthians (12:4-6)

The Native American Cree people say, "Only when the last tree has been cut, the last river poisoned, and the last fish caught, only then will you realize that one cannot eat money. – Thomas Menamparampil

The significant problems we face cannot be solved at the same level of thinking we were at when we created them. – Albert Einstein (d. 1955)

I have often regretted my speech, never my silence. – Xenocrates (d. 314 BC)

A pessimist sees the difficulty in every opportunity; an optimist sees the opportunity in every difficulty. – Sir Winston Churchill (d. 1965)

There is nothing on this earth more to be prized than true friendship. - Thomas Aquinas

He that falls in love with himself will have no rivals. - Benjamin Franklin

The test of a man or woman’s breeding is how they behave in a quarrel. - George Bernard Shaw

Cowards die many times before their deaths; The valiant never taste of death but once. - William Shakespeare

Being deeply loved by someone gives you strength, while loving someone deeply gives you courage. – Dao de Ching by Lao Tzu

A leader is best when people barely know he exists, when his work is done, his aim fulfilled, they will say: we did it ourselves. – Dao de Ching by Lao Tzu

Treat those who are good with goodness, and also treat those who are not good with goodness. Thus goodness is attained. Be honest to those who are honest, and be also honest to those who are not honest. Thus honesty is attained. – Dao de Ching by Lao Tzu

People are qualified for civil liberty, in exact proportion to their disposition to put moral chains on their own appetites. It is ordained in the eternal constitution of things that men of intemperate minds cannot be free. Their passions forge their fetters. – Edmund Burke

We live in a wonderful world that is full of beauty, charm, and adventure. There is no end to the adventures we can have if only we seek them with our eyes open. – Jawaharlal Nehru (d. 1964)

Religion is never more tested than when our emotions are ablaze. At such a time, the timeless grandeur of the Law and its ethics stand at our mercy.– Timothy J. Winter (Abdal Hakim Murad)

Every gun that is made, every warship launched, every rocket fired, signifies in the final sense a theft from those who hunger and are not fed, those who are cold and are not clothed. – Dwight D. Eisenhower

Let us always meet each other with a smile, for the smile is the beginning of love. – Mother Theresa

Life is a series of natural and spontaneous changes. Do not resist them - that only creates sorrow. Let reality be reality. Let things flow naturally forward in whatever way they like. – Lao Tzu

Progress is impossible without change, and those who cannot change their minds cannot change anything. – George Bernard Shaw

In the End, we will remember not the words of our enemies, but the silence of our friends. – Martin Luther King Jr. (d. 1968)

You can avoid reality, but you cannot avoid the consequences of avoiding reality. – Ayn Rand, Russian novelist (d. 1982)

The true measure of a man is how he treats someone who can do him absolutely no good. – Samuel Johnson, English writer (d. 1784)

A people that values its privileges above its principles soon loses both. – Dwight D. Eisenhower (d. 1969)

Justice, mercy, wisdom, righteousness and common good are the basics of Islam. Whatever gets out of justice to injustice is not from Islam. Whatever gets out of mercy to violence is not from Islam. Whatever deviates from common good to harm is not from Islam, and whatever dissents from wisdom to imprudence is not from Islam. – Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyyah

It is reported that Imam Abu Hanifah was passing through the bazar and a small amount of mud fell on his clothes. He went to the local river and washed it. Someone asked him, "O Imam, you say a certain amount of dirt is exonerated and yet you are washing a little mud!" The imam replied, "Yes that was fatwa and this is taqwa." – Fariduddin Attar

For every sin but the killing of Time there is forgiveness. – Essential Sufism

Enlightenment must come little by little, otherwise it would overwhelm. – Idries Shah

To let go of attachments and belongings doesn’t mean you should own nothing. It means nothing should own you. – Ali ibn Abi Talib (RA)

Hearts are vessels of God on earth. And the most beloved heart to Him is the one most clean, pure and pristine. – Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal

Knowledge is not what is memorised. Knowledge is what benefits. – Imam Shafi’i

Learn to be quiet just as you learn to talk, because if talking guides you, being quiet protects you. By being quiet, you attain two characteristics: you are able to take knowledge from those more knowledgeable than you and you are able to repel the ignorance of those more ignorant than you. – Ali ibn Abi Talib (RA)

If words come out of the heart, they will enter the heart, but if they come from the tongue, they will not pass beyond the ears. – Al-Suhrawardi (Essential Sufism)

Shall I tell you who is kept away from Hell?...Everyone who is gentle and kindly, approachable and of an easy disposition. – Hadith

God is merciful to those who show mercy to others. – Hadith

A moment of patience in a moment of anger saves a thousand moments of regrets. – Ali ibn Abi Talib (RA)

Lead such a life that, when you die, the people may mourn you, and while you are alive they long for your company. – Ali ibn Abi Talib (RA)

Yesterday I was clever, so I wanted to change the world. Today I am wise, so I am changing myself. – Jalaluddin Rumi

Power consists not in being able to strike another, but in being able to control oneself when anger arises. - Hadith

The highest status amongst the forgiving is of that person who has all the power to avenge, yet chooses to forgive. – Hussain ibn Ali ibn Abi Talib

Hearts are vessels of God on earth. And the most beloved heart to Him is the one most clean, pure and pristine. – Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal

To get what you love, you must first be patient with what you hate. – Imam al-Ghazali

To be humble is to accept the truth and submit to it even when you heard it from the tongue of a child, an educated one, or an ignorant person. – Fudhayl ibn Iyadh

Some people have passed away but their characters keep them alive. Others are alive but their character have killed them. – Imam Shafi’i

And still, after all this time, the sun never says to the earth, "Earth! You owe me". Look at the love like that. It illuminates the whole sky. – Hafez

As the very survival of the world itself is perhaps at stake, we Muslims and Christians should let the unpleasantness between us become a thing of the past. - The Grand Imam of al-Azhar, Dr Ahmad al-Tayyeb's speech in Abu Dhabi

Declare your jihad on twelve enemies you cannot see _ egoism, arrogance, conceit, selfishness, greed, lust, intolerance, anger, lying, cheating, gossiping and slandering. If you can master and destroy them, then you will be ready to fight the enemy you can see. – Abu Hamid al-Ghazali

By all means marry. If you get a good wife, you will become happy. And if you get a bad one, you will become a philosopher. – Socrates

Research is what I'm doing when I don't know what I'm doing. – Wernher Von Braun (d. 1977)

Buzi, a native of Zhengxian, asked his wife to make him a new pair of trousers. When asked the style of the new trousers, Buzi said: “Just like my old trousers.” His wife put a few holes in them so they would resemble the old pair.

A man was trapped by a tiger. In an attempt to save him, the man’s son took a cutlass and rushed towards the wild beast. At this juncture, the man shouted at the top of his lungs, “My dear son! My dear son! Attack its feet, not its skin, which is worth its weight in silver!”

At an art gallery, a woman and her ten-year-old son were having a tough time choosing between one of my paintings and another artist's work. They finally went with mine. "I guess you decided you prefer an autumn scene to a floral, " I said. "No," said the boy. "Your painting is wider, so it'll cover three holes in our wall."

I once gave my husband the silent treatment for an entire week, at the end of which he declared, “Hey, we’re getting along pretty great lately!”

They say we learn from our mistakes. That’s why I am making as many as possible. I will soon be a genius!

A men fell on the ground, and soon after fell down again. He said to himself: "Had I known I was going to fall a second time, I would have not gotten up so soon."

A government office issued an urgent document to be distributed among its subsidiaries. To ensure that it would be delivered in time, the messenger was provided with a horse. Running behing the horse, the messenger whipped the horse until it was galloping at full speed. Someone asked him in amazement: "If it's such an urgent mission why don't you ride the horse?" The messenger asnwered: "Running on six legs is certainly quicker than on four, isn't it?"

Hija purchased a sack of flour and hired a labourer to carry it. The labourer ran off with the whole sack. On seeing the labourer after a few days, Hija hid from him. "Why are you hiding from him?" the people asked. He replied, "I fear that he may ask for his wage."

The Ameer of the town appealed for funds to build a wall around the graveyard. Mulla Nasruddin, who was also present, got up and responded: "There is absolutely no need for any wall around the graveyard!"

A Mullah's friend asked the mulla how old are you? Forty replied the mullah. The friend said but you said the same thing two years ago! Yes, replied the mullah, I always stand by my word.

Young man: Ya Shaykh, I have repented, Alhamdulillah, but I cannot forget the woman I love. Shaykh: Pray to Allah using various supplications Young man: Please tell me some that I may use Shaykh: Oh Allah, put Iman in my heart, in my hearing, in my sight and in my path The young man interrupted and said, "Ya Shaykh, the woman that I love is called Iman."

Three people were praying salat in congregation. A man walks by and without knowing they are in salat says, "Assalamu Alaykum". One man in salat says "Waalaykum Assalam". The second person angrily says, "Astaghfirullah, you are not supposed to talk in salat." The third person praying says "Alhamdulillah, I didn't talk."

Here is the story of an Imam who got up after Friday prayers and announced to the people: "I have good news and bad news. The good news is, we have enough money to pay for our new building programme. The bad news is, it's still out there in your pockets".

During a Q&A session, a scholar was asked, "Will we get cigarettes in Jannah?" to which he replied, "Maybe, but you'd have to go to Jahannam to light it".

A man who was an adherent of the Magian religion died and left behind a huge debt. Some of his creditors said to his son, "Sell the house and pay off your father's debt." The son said, "If I sell the house and pay off his debt, will he enter paradise?" They said, "No". He said, "Then leave him wherever he is and leave me in the house."

Hasan bin Sahl asked Dinar bin 'Abdullah,: "What is your religion?" He said, "I never thought that anyone alive would have to answer this question, for it is the question the angels of death, Nakir and Munkar, ask the dead."

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Ongoing Research

Research Updates - (January - April 2019)